1887

Abstract

Quantitative relationships between neutralization, aggregation and attachment to monolayers of chick embryo fibroblast (CEF) cells have been studied using a constant amount of influenza A/fowl plague virus/Rostock/34 (H7N1) and varying amounts of purified mouse polyclonal IgM directed against the haemagglutinin, the major viral neutralization antigen. There are two major types of interaction, (i) At low concentrations of IgM there is aggregation of virus, but no neutralization provided that the aggregates are dispersed by vortexing and dilution. Maximum aggregation occurs at less than seven molecules of IgM per virion and the IgM is probably bound in the ‘staple’ or ‘crab’ conformation at these concentrations, (ii) At higher concentrations there is neutralization and this coincides with inhibition of attachment of virus to CEF cells. Neutralization of 50% infectivity requires about 35 molecules of IgM per virion. The maximum neutralization observed was only 87%. Quantitative data and electron microscopy observations suggest that molecules of IgM at the higher concentrations adopt a planar stance approximately perpendicular to the viral surface. It appears that IgM neutralizes fowl plague virus primarily by interfering with its attachment to cells; the fraction of neutralized virus that does attach is known not to be internalized.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-71-10-2313
1990-10-01
2024-04-18
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/jgv/71/10/JV0710102313.html?itemId=/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-71-10-2313&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Barrett A. D. T., Hunt N., Dimmock N. J. 1984; A rapid method for the neutralization of virus infectivity prior to assay for interferons. Journal of Virological Methods 8:349–351
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Dimmock N. J. 1984; Mechanisms of neutralization of animal viruses. Journal of General Virology 65:1015–1022
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Dimmock N. J. 1987; Multiple mechanisms of neutralization of animal viruses. Trends in Biochemical Sciences 12:70–75
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Eisenlohr L. C., Gerhard W., Hackett C. J. 1987; Role of receptor-binding activity of the viral hemagglutinin molecule in the presentation of influenza virus antigens to helper T cells. Journal of Virology 61:1375–1383
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Feinstein A., Munn E. A., Richardson N. E. 1971; The threedimensional conformation of M and A globulin molecules. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 190:104–121
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Feinstein A., Richardson N. E., Taussig M. J. 1986; Immunoglobulin flexibility in complement activation. Immunology Today 7:169–174
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Hunter W. M., Greenwood F. C. 1962; Preparation of iodine-131 -labelled human growth hormone of high specific activity. Nature; London: 194495–496
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Kelly D. C., Dimmock N. J. 1974; Fowl plague virus replication in mammalian cell-erythrocyte heterokaryons: studies concerning the actinomycin D and ultra-violet sensitive phase in influenza virus replication. Virology 61:210–222
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Mandel B. 1967; The interaction of neutralized poliovirus with HeLa cells. 1. Adsorption. Virology 31:238–247
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Marsh M. 1984; The entry of enveloped viruses into cells by endocytosis. Biochemical Journal 218:1–10
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Morser M. J., Kennedy S. I. T., Burke D. C. 1973; Virus-specified polypeptides in cells infected with Semliki Forest virus. Journal of General Virology 21:19–29
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Outlaw M. C., Dimmock N. J. 1990; Mechanisms of neutralization of influenza virus on mouse tracheal epithelial cells by mouse monoclonal polymeric IgA and polyclonal IgM directed against the viral haemagglutinin. Journal of General Virology 71:69–76
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Patterson S., Oxford J. S. 1986; Early interactions between animal viruses and the host cell; relevance to viral vaccines. Vaccine 4:79–89
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Possee R. D., Schild G. C., Dimmock N. J. 1982; Studies on the mechanism of neutralization of influenza virus by antibody: evidence that neutralizing antibody (anti-haemagglutinin) inactivates influenza virus in vivo by inhibiting virion transcriptase activity. Journal of General Virology 58:373–386
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Rigg R. J., Carver A. S., Dimmock N. J. 1989; IgG-neutralized influenza virus undergoes primary, but not secondary uncoating in vivo . Journal of General Virology 70:2097–2109
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Taylor H. P., Dimmock N. J. 1985a; Mechanism of neutralization of influenza virus by secretory IgA is different from that of monomeric IgA or IgG. Journal of Experimental Medicine 161:198–209
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Taylor H. P., Dimmock N. J. 1985b; Mechanisms of neutralization of influenza virus by IgM. Journal of General Virology 66:903–907
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Taylor H. P., Armstrong S. J., Dimmock N. J. 1987; Quantitative relationships between an influenza virus and neutralizing antibody. Virology 159:288–298
    [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-71-10-2313
Loading
/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-71-10-2313
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error