1887

Abstract

The nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences of three genes of turkey rhinotracheitis virus (TRTV) together with the nucleotide sequences of the relevant intergenic regions were determined. The deduced amino acid sequence of one of the genes shows significant identity (42%) to that of the 22K protein of human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). The TRTV 22K gene, like that of RSV, has a second open reading frame, although the amino acid sequence deduced from this reading frame does not show any similarity to the equivalent predicted RSV protein. The other two genes and their deduced amino acid sequences do not show any sequence similarity to the genes of other pneumoviruses. However, the hydrophobicity profiles of the predicted proteins do show similarities to those of the small hydrophobic (SH) and attachment protein (G) genes of RSV. The TRTV G gene is 1193 nucleotides in length and encodes a protein of 391 amino acids ( 42984), which is rather larger than the RSV G protein (predicted 36000). The TRTV SH gene is 589 nucleotides in length, encoding a protein of 174 amino acids ( 18797), which is considerably larger than the size of the RSV SH protein ( 7500). The sequences of the intergenic regions derived from clones of polycistronic mRNAs and polymerase chain reaction products obtained with primers from different genes reveal the order on the virus genome to be 3′ F-22K-SH-G 5′. This differs from the gene order of paramyxoviruses and morbilliviruses, which lack a 22K gene (and in some cases a SH gene), and the pneumoviruses RSV and pneumonia virus of mice, which have the F and 22K genes located after the G gene.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-73-7-1709
1992-07-01
2024-03-28
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/jgv/73/7/JV0730071709.html?itemId=/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-73-7-1709&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Barr J., Chambers P., Pringle C. R., Easton A. J. 1991; Sequence of the major nucleocapsid protein gene of pneumonia virus of mice: sequence comparisons suggest structural homology between nucleocapsid proteins of pneumoviruses, paramyxoviruses, rhabdoviruses and filoviruses. Journal of General Virology 72:677–685
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Cane P. A., Matthews D. A., Pringle C. R. 1991; Identification of variable domains of the attachment (G) protein of subgroup A respiratory syncytial viruses. Journal of General Virology 72:2091–2096
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Cavanagh D., Barrett T. 1988; Pneumovirus-like characteristics of the mRNA and proteins of turkey rhinotracheitis virus. Virus Research 11:241–256
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Chambers P., Barr J., Pringle C. R., Easton A. J. 1990a; Molecular cloning of pneumonia virus of mice. Journal of Virology 64:1869–1872
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Chambers P., Matthews D. A., Pringle C. R., Easton A. J. 1990b; The nucleotide sequences of intergenic regions between nine genes of pneumonia virus of mice establish the physical order of these genes in the viral genome. Virus Research 18:263–270
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Chambers P., Pringle C. R., Easton A. J. 1991; Genes 1 and 2 of pneumonia virus of mice encode proteins which have little homology with the 1C and 1B proteins of human respiratory syncytial virus. Journal of General Virology 72:2545–2549
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Chambers P., Pringle C. R., Easton A. J. 1992; Sequence analysis of the gene encoding the fusion glycoprotein of pneumonia virus of mice suggests possible conserved secondary structure elements in paramyxovirus fusion glycoproteins. Journal of General Virology 73:1717–1724
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Collins M. S., Gough R. E. 1988; Characterization of a virus associated with turkey rhinotracheitis. Journal of General Virology 69:909–916
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Collins P. L. 1991; The molecular biology of human respiratory syncytial virus of the genus Pneumovirus. In The Paramyxoviruses pp 103–162 Edited by Kingsbury D. W. New York: Plenum Press;
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Collins P. L., Wertz G. W. 1985; The envelope-associated 22K protein of human respiratory syncytial virus: nucleotide sequence of the mRNA and a related polytranscript. Journal of Virology 54:65–71
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Collins P. L., Olmsted R. A., Spriggs M. K., Johnson P. R., Buckler-White A. J. 1987; Gene overlap and site-specific attenuation of transcription of the viral polymerase L gene of human respiratory syncytial virus. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences U.S.A. 84:5134–5138
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Collins P. L., Hill M. G., Johnson P. R. 1990a; The two open reading frames of the 22K mRNA of human respiratory syncytial virus: sequence comparison of antigenic subgroups A and B and expression in vitro. Journal of General Virology 71:3015–3020
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Collins P. L., Olmsted R. A., Johnson P. R. 1990b; The small hydrophobic protein of human respiratory syncytial virus: comparison of antigenic subgroups A and B. Journal of General Virology 71:1571–1576
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Crowley J. C., Dowling P. C., Medonna J., Silverman J. I., Schuback D., Cook S. D., Blumberg B. M. 1988; Sequence variability and function of measles virus 3′ and 5′ ends and intercistronic regions. Virology 164:498–506
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Elango N., Kovamees J., Varsanyi T. M., Norrby E. 1989; mRNA and deduced amino acid sequence of the mumps virus small hydrophobic protein gene. Journal of Virology 63:1413–1415
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Feinberg A. P., Vogelstein B. 1984; Addendum: a technique for radiolabeling DNA restriction endonuclease fragments to high specific activity. Analytical Biochemistry 137:266–267
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Grunstein M., Hogness D. S. 1975; Colony hybridization: a method for the isolation of cloned DNAs that contain a specific gene. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, U.S.A. 72:3961–3965
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Gubler U., Hoffman B. J. 1983; A simple and very efficient method for generating cDNA libraries. Gene 25:263–269
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Hiebert S. W., Paterson R. G., Lamb R. A. 1985; Identification and predicted sequence of a previously unrecognized small hydrophobic protein SH, of the paramyxovirus simian virus 5. Journal of Virology 55:744–751
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Hopp T. P., Woods K. R. 1981; Prediction of protein antigenic determinants from amino acid sequences. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, U.S.A. 78:3824–3828
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Huang Y. T., Collins P. L., Wertz G. W. 1984; Identification of a new envelope-associated protein of human respiratory syncytial virus. In Non-segmentedNegative Strand Viruses pp 365–368 Edited by Bishop D. H. L., Compans R. W. New York: Academic Press;
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Hunt D. M., Smith E. F., Buckley D. W. 1984; Aberrant polyadenylation by a vesicular stomatitis virus mutant is due to an altered L protein. Journal of Virology 52:515–521
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Lerch R. A., Stott E. J., Wertz G. W. 1989; Characterization of bovine respiratory syncytial virus proteins and mRNAs and generation of cDNA clones to the viral mRNAs. Journal of Virology 63:833–840
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Lerch R. A., Anderson K., Wertz G. W. 1990; Nucleotide sequence analysis and expression from recombinant vectors demonstrate that the attachment protein G of bovine respiratory syncytial virus is distinct from that of human respiratory syncytial virus. Journal of Virology 64:5559–5569
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Ling R., Pringle C. R. 1988; Turkey rhinotracheitis virus: in vivo and in vitro polypeptide synthesis. Journal of General Virology 69:917–923
    [Google Scholar]
  26. McDougall J. S., Cook J. K. A. 1986; Turkey rhinotracheitis: preliminary observations. Veterinary Record 118:206
    [Google Scholar]
  27. Olmsted R. A., Collins P. L. 1989; The 1A protein of respiratory syncytial virus is an integral membrane protein present as multiple, structurally distinct species. Journal of Virology 63:2019–2029
    [Google Scholar]
  28. Saiki R. K., Scharf S. J., Faloona F., Mullis K. B., Horn G. T., Erlich H. A., Arnheim N. 1985; Enzymatic amplification of β-globin genomic sequences and restriction site analysis for diagnosis of sickle cell anemia. Science 230:1350–1354
    [Google Scholar]
  29. Saiki R. K., Gelfand D. H., Stoffel S., Scharf S. J., Hiouchi R., Horn G. T., Mullis K. B., Erlich H. A. 1988; Primer directed enzymatic amplification of DNA with a thermostable DNA polymerase. Science 239:487–491
    [Google Scholar]
  30. Samal S. K., Zamora M. 1991; Nucleotide sequence analysis of a matrix and small hydrophobic protein dicistronic mRNA of bovine respiratory syncytial virus demonstrates extensive sequence divergence of the small hydrophobic protein from that of human respiratory syncytial virus. Journal of General Virology 72:1715–1720
    [Google Scholar]
  31. Samal S. K., Zamora M., McPhillips T. H., Mohanty S. B. 1991; Molecular cloning and sequence analysis of bovine respiratory syncytial virus mRNA encoding the major nucleocapsid protein. Virology 180:453–456
    [Google Scholar]
  32. Shioda T., Iwasaki K., Shibuta H. 1986; Determination of the complete nucleotide sequence of the Sendai virus genome RNA and the predicted amino acid sequences of the F, HN and L proteins. Nucleic Acids Research 14:1545–1563
    [Google Scholar]
  33. Sullender W. M., Mufson M. A., Anderson J. L., Wertz G. W. 1991; Genetic diversity of the attachment protein of subgroup B respiratory syncytial viruses. Journal of Virology 65:5425–5434
    [Google Scholar]
  34. Takeuchi K., Tanabayashi K., Hishiyama M., Yamada A., Sugiura A. 1991; Variations of nucleotide sequences and transcription of the SH gene among mumps virus strains. Virology 181:364–366
    [Google Scholar]
  35. Vidal S., Curran J., Kolalofsky D. 1990; A stuttering model for paramyxovirus P mRNA editing. EMBO Journal 9:2017–2022
    [Google Scholar]
  36. Yu Q., Davis P. J., Barrett T., Binns M. M., Boursnell M. E. G., Cavanagh D. 1991; Deduced amino acid sequence of the fusion glycoprotein of turkey rhinotracheitis virus has greater identity with that of human respiratory syncytial virus, a pneumovirus, than that of paramyxoviruses and morbilliviruses. Journal of General Virology 72:75–81
    [Google Scholar]
  37. Yu Q., Davis P. J., Cavanagh D. 1992; Cloning and sequencing of the matrix protein (M) gene of turkey rhinotracheitis virus reveal a gene order different from that of respiratory syncytial virus. Virology 186426–434
    [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-73-7-1709
Loading
/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-73-7-1709
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error