%0 Journal Article %A Pan, Diganta %A Das, Arpita %A Srivastav, Sudesh K. %A Traina-Dorge, Vicki %A Didier, Peter J. %A Pahar, Bapi %T Lack of T-cell-mediated IL-2 and TNFα production is linked to decreased CD58 expression in intestinal tissue during acute simian immunodeficiency virus infection %D 2019 %J Journal of General Virology, %V 100 %N 1 %P 26-34 %@ 1465-2099 %R https://doi.org/10.1099/jgv.0.001181 %K CD58 %K cytokine %K CD2 %K SIV %K mucosal immunology %I Microbiology Society, %X For an effective T-cell activation and response, co-stimulation is required in addition to the antigen-specific signal from their antigen receptors. The CD2/CD58 interaction is considered as one of the most important T-cell co-stimulatory pathways for T-cell activation and proliferation, and its role in regulating intestinal T-cell function in acute and chronic SIV -infected macaques is poorly documented. Here, we demonstrated a significant reduction of CD58 expression in both T- and B-cell populations during acute SIV infection along with high plasma viral load and a loss of intestinal CD4+ T cells compared to SIV-uninfected control macaques. The reduction of CD58 expression in T cells was correlated with the reduced expression of T-cell-mediated IL-2 and TNFα production. Together, these results indicate that reduction in the CD2/CD58 interaction pathway in mucosal lymphocytes might play a crucial role in mucosal T-cell dysfunction during acute SIV/HIV infection. %U https://www.microbiologyresearch.org/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/jgv.0.001181