Lack of T-cell-mediated IL-2 and TNFα production is linked to decreased CD58 expression in intestinal tissue during acute simian immunodeficiency virus infection Pan, Diganta and Das, Arpita and Srivastav, Sudesh K. and Traina-Dorge, Vicki and Didier, Peter J. and Pahar, Bapi,, 100, 26-34 (2019), doi = https://doi.org/10.1099/jgv.0.001181, publicationName = Microbiology Society, issn = 0022-1317, abstract= For an effective T-cell activation and response, co-stimulation is required in addition to the antigen-specific signal from their antigen receptors. The CD2/CD58 interaction is considered as one of the most important T-cell co-stimulatory pathways for T-cell activation and proliferation, and its role in regulating intestinal T-cell function in acute and chronic SIV -infected macaques is poorly documented. Here, we demonstrated a significant reduction of CD58 expression in both T- and B-cell populations during acute SIV infection along with high plasma viral load and a loss of intestinal CD4+ T cells compared to SIV-uninfected control macaques. The reduction of CD58 expression in T cells was correlated with the reduced expression of T-cell-mediated IL-2 and TNFα production. Together, these results indicate that reduction in the CD2/CD58 interaction pathway in mucosal lymphocytes might play a crucial role in mucosal T-cell dysfunction during acute SIV/HIV infection., language=, type=