1887

Abstract

Koi herpesvirus (KHV) has been associated with devastating losses of common carp () and koi () in North America, Europe, Israel and Asia. A comparison of virion polypeptides and genomic restriction fragments of seven geographically diverse isolates of KHV indicated that with one exception they represented a homogeneous group. A principal environmental factor influencing the onset and severity of disease is water temperature. Optimal growth of KHV in a koi fin cell line occurred at temperatures from 15–25 °C. There was no growth or minimal growth at 4, 10, 30 or 37 °C. Experimental infections of koi with KHV at a water temperature of 23 °C resulted in a cumulative mortality of 95·2 %. Disease progressed rapidly but with lower mortality (89·4–95·2 %) at 28 °C. Mortality (85·0 %) also occurred at 18 °C but not at 13 °C. Shifting virus-exposed fish from 13–23 °C resulted in the rapid onset of mortality.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/vir.0.19323-0
2003-10-01
2024-03-29
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/jgv/84/10/vir842661.html?itemId=/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/vir.0.19323-0&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Ahne W., Bjorklund H. V., Essbauer S., Fijan N., Kurath G., Winton J. R. 2002; Spring viremia of carp (SVC). Dis Aquat Org 52:261–272
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Alcorn S. W., Murray A. L., Pascho R. J. 2002; Effects of rearing temperature on immune functions in sockeye salmon ( Oncorhynchus nerka ). Fish Shellfish Immunol 12:303–334
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Arkush K. D., McNeill C., Hedrick R. P. 1992; Production and initial characterization of monoclonal antibodies against channel catfish virus. J Aquat Anim Health 4:81–89
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Balon E. K. 1995; Origin and domestication of the wild carp, Cyprinus carpio : from Roman gourmets to the swimming flowers. Aquaculture 129:3–48
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Banks M. 1993; DNA restriction fragment length polymorphism among British isolates of Aujeszky's disease virus: use of the polymerase chain reaction to discriminate among strains. Br Vet J 149:155–163
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Baudouy A. M., Danton M., Merle G. 1980; Experimental infection of susceptible carp fingerlings with spring viremia of carp virus, under wintering environmental conditions. In Fish Diseases , Third COPRAQ-Session pp  23–27 Edited by Ahne W. Berlin: Springer-Verlag;
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Bly J. E., Clem L. W. 1992; Temperature and teleost immune functions. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2:159–171
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Chousterman S., Lacasa M., Sheldrick P. 1979; Physical map of the channel catfish virus genome: location of sites for restriction endonucleases Eco RI, Hin dIII, Hpa I and Xba I. J Virol 31:73–85
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Collazos M. E., Ortega E., Barriga C. 1994; Effect of temperature on the immune system of a cyprinid fish ( Tinca tinca , L). Blood phagocyte function at low temperature. Fish Shellfish Immunol 4:231–238
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Colyer T. E., Bowser P. R., Doyle J., Boyle J. A. 1986; Channel catfish virus: use of nucleic acids in studying viral relationships. Am J Vet Res 47:2007–2011
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Cunningham C. O. (editor) 2002 Molecular Diagnosis of Salmonid Diseases Dordrecht: Kluwer;
    [Google Scholar]
  12. De Kinkelin P., Le Berre M., Leonir G. 1974; Fish rhabdoviruses. I. Properties in vitro of pike fry red disease virus. Ann Microbiol (Paris) 125:93–111 (in French
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Fijan N., Petrinec Z., Sulimanovíc O., Zwillenberg L. O. 1971; Isolation of the viral causative agent from the acute form of infectious dropsy of carp. Vet Arh 41:125–138
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Gilad O., Yun S., Andree K. B., Adkison M. A., Zlotkin A., Bercovier H., Eldar A., Hedrick R. P. 2002; Initial characteristics of koi herpesvirus and development of a polymerase chain reaction assay to detect the virus in koi, Cyprinus carpio koi . Dis Aquat Org 48:101–108
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Goodwin A. E. 2002; First report of spring viremia of carp virus (SVCV) in North America. J Aquat Anim Health 14:161–164
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Gray W. L., Mullis L., LaPatra S. E., Groff J. M., Goodwin A. 2002; Detection of koi herpesvirus DNA in tissues of infected fish. J Fish Dis 25:171–178
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Hecker B. G. 1993; Carp, koi, and goldfish taxonomy and natural history. In Fish Medicine pp  442–447 Edited by Stoskopf M. K. Philadelphia: Saunders;
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Hedrick R. P. 1996; Movement of pathogens with the international trade of live fish: problems and solutions. Rev Sci Tech 15:523–531
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Hedrick R. P., Sano T. 1989; Herpesviruses of fishes. In Viruses of Lower Vertebrates pp  161–170 Edited by Ahne W., Kurstak E. Berlin: Springer-Verlag;
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Hedrick R. P., Gilad O., Yun S., Spangenberg J. V., Marty G. D., Nordhausen R. W., Kebus M. J., Bercovier H., Eldar A. 2000; A herpesvirus associated with mass mortality of juvenile and adult koi, a strain of a common carp. J Aquat Anim Health 12:44–57
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Hyatt A. D., Gould A. R., Zupanovic Z., Cunningham A. A., Hengstberger S., Whittington R. J., Kattenbelt J., Coupar B. E. H. 2000; Comparative studies of piscine and amphibian iridovirus. Arch Virol 145:301–331
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Kalbfleisch J. D., Prentice R. L. 1980 The Statistical Analysis of Failure Time Data , 2nd edn. New York: John Wiley;
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Laemmli U. K. 1975; Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the head bacteriophage T4. Nature 227:680–685
    [Google Scholar]
  24. OIE 2002
  25. Reed L. J., Meunch H. A. 1938; A simple method of estimating fifty percent endpoint. Am J Hyg 24:493–497
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Roizman B., Knipe D. M. 2001; Herpes simplex viruses and their replication. In Fields Virology , 4th edn. vol 2 pp  2399–2459 Edited by Knipe D. M., Howley P. M. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins;
    [Google Scholar]
  27. Sano T., Fukuda H., Furukawa M., Hosoya H., Moriya Y. 1985a; A herpesvirus isolated from carp papilloma in Japan. Fish Shellfish Pathol 32:307–311
    [Google Scholar]
  28. Sano N., Honda R., Fukuda H., Sano T. 1985b; Herpesvirus cyprini: biological and oncogenic properties. Fish Pathol 10:381–388
    [Google Scholar]
  29. Sano N., Honda R., Fukuda H., Sano T. 1991a; Herpesvirus-cyprini restriction endonuclease cleavage profiles of the viral DNA. Fish Pathol 26:207–208
    [Google Scholar]
  30. Sano T., Morita N., Shima N., Akimoto M. 1991b; Herpesvirus cyprini : lethality and oncogenicity. J Fish Dis 14:533–543
    [Google Scholar]
  31. Sano N., Moriwake M., Sano T. 1993; Herpesvirus cyprinid : thermal effects on pathogenicity and oncogenicity. Fish Pathol 28:171–175
    [Google Scholar]
  32. Scheiner S. M., Gurevitch J. 2001 Design and Analysis of Ecological Experiments , 2nd edn. New York: Oxford University Press;
    [Google Scholar]
  33. Shipman C. 1969; Evaluation of 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazineethane-sulfonic acid (HEPES) as a tissue culture buffer. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 130:305–310
    [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/vir.0.19323-0
Loading
/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/vir.0.19323-0
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error