1887

Abstract

Membrane fusion induced by herpes simplex virus (HSV) is required for both entry and cell-to-cell spread. It is mediated by the viral glycoprotein gB, gD, gH–gL and gD receptors. Although 3--sulfated heparan sulfate (3-S HS) is a receptor for HSV-1 entry, the requirement for heparan sulfate in the fusion process has been ruled out. Here, it is demonstrated that cells expressing 3-S HS, generated by -glucosaminyl 3--sulfotransferase isoforms-3 and/or -5 (3-ST-3 and 3-ST-5), fused with cells expressing the four glycoproteins. The cell fusion observed exhibited similar requirements but was independent of protein receptors, HVEM or nectin-1. Additionally, removal of 3-S HS from the cell surface by heparinase-I treatment and, in separate experiments, the presence of soluble 3-ST-3- and 3-ST-5-modified HS, significantly inhibited fusion. Taken together, these results indicate that 3-S HS can play a crucial role in virus entry and cell fusion.

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2004-04-01
2024-04-20
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