@article{mbs:/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/vir.0.2008/001180-0, author = "Simmonds, Peter and Douglas, Jill and Bestetti, Giovanna and Longhi, Erika and Antinori, Spinello and Parravicini, Carlo and Corbellino, Mario", title = "A third genotype of the human parvovirus PARV4 in sub-Saharan Africa", journal= "Journal of General Virology", year = "2008", volume = "89", number = "9", pages = "2299-2302", doi = "https://doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.2008/001180-0", url = "https://www.microbiologyresearch.org/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/vir.0.2008/001180-0", publisher = "Microbiology Society", issn = "1465-2099", type = "Journal Article", abstract = "PARV4 is a recently discovered human parvovirus widely distributed in injecting drug users in the USA and Europe, particularly in those co-infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Like parvovirus B19, PARV4 persists in previously exposed individuals. In bone marrow and lymphoid tissue, PARV4 sequences were detected in two sub-Saharan African study subjects with AIDS but without a reported history of parenteral exposure and who were uninfected with hepatitis C virus. PARV4 variants infecting these subjects were phylogenetically distinct from genotypes 1 and 2 (formerly PARV5) that were reported previously. Analysis of near-complete genome sequences demonstrated that they should be classified as a third (equidistant) PARV4 genotype. The availability of a further near-complete genome sequence of this novel genotype facilitated identification of conserved novel open reading frames embedded in the ORF2 coding sequence; one encoded a putative protein with identifiable homology to SAT proteins of members of the genus Parvovirus.", }