%0 Journal Article %A Sabouri, Amir H. %A Saito, Mineki %A Usuku, Koichiro %A Bajestan, Sepideh Naghibzadeh %A Mahmoudi, Mahmoud %A Forughipour, Mohsen %A Sabouri, Zahra %A Abbaspour, Zahra %A Goharjoo, Mohammad E. %A Khayami, Esmaeil %A Hasani, Ali %A Izumo, Shuji %A Arimura, Kimiyoshi %A Farid, Reza %A Osame, Mitsuhiro %T Differences in viral and host genetic risk factors for development of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1)-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis between Iranian and Japanese HTLV-1-infected individuals %D 2005 %J Journal of General Virology, %V 86 %N 3 %P 773-781 %@ 1465-2099 %R https://doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.80509-0 %I Microbiology Society, %X Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1)-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) is a neurological disease observed only in 1–2 % of infected individuals. HTLV-1 provirus load, certain HLA alleles and HTLV-1 tax subgroups are reported to be associated with different levels of risk for HAM/TSP in Kagoshima, Japan. Here, it was determined whether these risk factors were also valid for HTLV-1-infected individuals in Mashhad in northeastern Iran, another region of endemic HTLV-1 infection. In Iranian HTLV-1-infected individuals (n=132, 58 HAM/TSP patients and 74 seropositive asymptomatic carriers), although HLA-DRB1*0101 was associated with disease susceptibility in the absence of HLA-A*02 (P=0·038; odds ratio=2·71) as observed in Kagoshima, HLA-A*02 and HLA-Cw*08 had no effect on either the risk of developing HAM/TSP or HTLV-1 provirus load. All Iranian subjects possessed tax subgroup A sequences, and the protective effects of HLA-A*02 were observed only in Kagoshima subjects with tax subgroup B but not in those with tax subgroup A. Both the prevalence of HTLV-1 subgroups and the host genetic background may explain the different risks levels for HAM/TSP development in these two populations. %U https://www.microbiologyresearch.org/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/vir.0.80509-0