%0 Journal Article %A Liu, Ming-Liang %A Lee, Yi-Ping %A Wang, Ya-Fang %A Lei, Huan-Yao %A Liu, Ching-Chuan %A Wang, Shih-Min %A Su, Ih-Jen %A Wang, Jen-Reng %A Yeh, Trai-Ming %A Chen, Shun-Hua %A Yu, Chun-Keung %T Type I interferons protect mice against enterovirus 71 infection %D 2005 %J Journal of General Virology, %V 86 %N 12 %P 3263-3269 %@ 1465-2099 %R https://doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.81195-0 %I Microbiology Society, %X In this study, the contribution of type I interferons (IFNs) to protection against infection with enterovirus 71 (EV71) was investigated using a murine model where the virus was administrated to neonatal Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice by either the intraperitoneal (i.p.) or the oral route. In i.p. inoculated mice, post-infection treatment of dexamethasone (5 mg kg−1 at 2 or 3 days after infection) exacerbated clinical symptoms and increased the tissue viral titre. In contrast, polyriboinosinic : polyribocytidylic acid [poly(I : C); 10 or 100 μg per mouse at 12 h before infection], a potent IFN inducer, improved the survival rate and decreased the tissue viral titres after EV71 challenge, which correlated with an increase in serum IFN-α concentration, the percentage of dendritic cells, their expression of major histocompatibility complex class II molecule and IFN-α in spleen. Treatment with a neutralizing antibody for type I IFNs (104 neutralizing units per mouse, 6 h before and 12 h after infection) resulted in frequent deaths and higher tissue viral load in infected mice compared with control mice. In contrast, an early administration of recombinant mouse IFN-αA (104 U per mouse for 3 days starting at 0, 1 or 3 days after infection) protected the mice against EV71 infection. In vitro analysis of virus-induced death in three human cell lines showed that human type I IFNs exerted a direct protective effect on EV71. It was concluded that type I IFNs play an important role in controlling EV71 infection and replication. %U https://www.microbiologyresearch.org/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/vir.0.81195-0