1887

Abstract

Dengue virus type 2 (DENV-2) is a common viral infection and an important health concern in South-East Asia. To determine the molecular evolution of DENV-2 in Thailand, 105 isolates of the E (envelope) gene and 10 complete genomes sampled over a 27 year period were sequenced. Phylogenetic analysis of these data revealed that three genotypes of DENV-2 have circulated in Thailand, although, since 1991, only viruses assigned to Asian genotype I have been sampled from the population. A broader analysis of 35 complete genomes of DENV-2 revealed that most amino acids are subject to strong selective constraints, indicative of widespread purifying selection against deleterious mutations. This was further supported by an analysis of genome-wide substitution rates, which indicated that DENV-2 fixes approximately 10 mutations per genome per year, far lower than expected from its mutational dynamics. Finally, estimates of the age of DENV-2 were remarkably consistent among genes, indicating that the current genetic diversity in this virus probably arose within the last 120 years, concordant with the first determination of the aetiology of dengue disease.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/vir.0.81486-0
2006-04-01
2024-03-28
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/jgv/87/4/873.html?itemId=/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/vir.0.81486-0&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Anandarao R., Swaminathan S., Khanna N. 2005; The identification of immunodominant linear epitopes of dengue type 2 virus capsid and NS4a proteins using pin-bound peptides. Virus Res 112:60–68 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Armstrong P. M., Rico-Hesse R. 2001; Differential susceptibility of Aedes aegypti to infection by the American and Southeast Asian genotypes of dengue type 2 virus. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 1:159–168 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Bennett S. N., Holmes E. C., Chirivella M., Rodriguez D. M., Beltran M., Vorndam V., Gubler D. J., McMillan W. O. 2003; Selection-driven evolution of emergent dengue virus. Mol Biol Evol 20:1650–1658 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Burke D. S., Nisalak A., Johnson D. E., Scott R. M. 1988; A prospective study of dengue infections in Bangkok. Am J Trop Med Hyg 38:172–180
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Clarke D. H., Casals J. 1958; Techniques for hemagglutination and hemagglutination-inhibition with arthropod-borne viruses. Am J Trop Med Hyg 7:561–573
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Cologna R., Rico-Hesse R. 2003; American genotype structures decrease dengue virus output from human monocytes and dendritic cells. J Virol 77:3929–3938 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Cologna R., Armstrong P. M., Rico-Hesse R. 2005; Selection for virulent dengue viruses occurs in humans and mosquitoes. J Virol 79:853–859 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Cummings D. A. T., Irizarry R. A., Huang N. E., Endy T. P., Nisalak A., Ungchusak K., Burke D. S. 2004; Travelling waves in the occurrence of dengue haemorrhagic fever in Thailand. Nature 427:344–347 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Drake J. W., Holland J. J. 1999; Mutation rates among RNA viruses. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 96:13910–13913 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Endy T. P., Nisalak A., Chunsuttitwat S., Vaughn D. W., Green S., Ennis F. A., Rothman A. L., Libraty D. H. 2004; Relationship of preexisting dengue virus (DV) neutralizing antibody levels to viremia and severity of disease in a prospective cohort study of DV infection in Thailand. J Infect Dis 189:990–1000 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Foster J. E., Bennett S. N., Carrington C. V. F., Vaughan H., McMillan W. O. 2004; Phylogeography and molecular evolution of dengue 2 in the Caribbean basin, 1981–2000. Virology 324:48–59 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Gagnon S. J., Zeng W., Kurane I., Ennis F. A. 1996; Identification of two epitopes on the dengue 4 virus capsid protein recognized by a serotype-specific and a panel of serotype-cross-reactive human CD4+ cytotoxic T-lymphocyte clones. J Virol 70:141–147
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Grenfell B. T., Pybus O. G., Gog J. R., Wood J. L. N., Daly J. M., Mumford J. A., Holmes E. C. 2004; Unifying the epidemiological and evolutionary dynamics of pathogens. Science 303:327–332 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Gubler D. J. 1997; Dengue and dengue hemorrhagic fever: its history and resurgence as a global public health problem. In Dengue and Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever pp  1–22 Edited by Gubler D. J., Kuno G. London: CAB International;
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Gubler D. J. 2004; Commentary: Ashburn PM, Craig CF. Experimental investigations regarding the etiology of dengue. J Infect Dis 1907; 4:440–75 J Infect Dis 189:1744–1783 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Henchal E. A., McCown J. M., Seguin M. C., Gentry M. K., Brandt W. E. 1983; Rapid identification of dengue virus isolates by using monoclonal antibodies in an indirect immunofluorescence assay. Am J Trop Med Hyg 32:164–169
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Innis B. L., Nisalak A., Nimmannitya S., Kusalerdchariya S., Chongswasdi V., Suntayakorn S., Puttisri P., Hoke C. H. 1989; An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to characterize dengue infections where dengue and Japanese encephalitis co-circulate. Am J Trop Med Hyg 40:418–427
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Klungthong C., Zhang C., Mammen M. P. Jr, Ubol S., Holmes E. C. 2004; The molecular epidemiology of dengue virus serotype 4 in Bangkok, Thailand. Virology 329:168–179 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Kosakovsky Pond S. L., Frost S. D. W. 2005; Datamonkey: rapid detection of selective pressure on individual sites of codon alignments. Bioinformatics 21:2531–2533 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Kuno G., Gubler D. J., Santiago de Weil N. S. 1985; Antigen capture ELISA for the identification of dengue viruses. J Virol Methods 12:93–103 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Lanciotti R. S., Calisher C. H., Gubler D. J., Chang G.-J., Vorndam A. V. 1992; Rapid detection and typing of dengue viruses from clinical samples by using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. J Clin Microbiol 30:545–551
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Lanciotti R. S., Lewis J. G., Gubler D. J., Trent D. W. 1994; Molecular evolution and epidemiology of dengue-3 viruses. J Gen Virol 75:65–75 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Lanciotti R. S., Gubler D. J., Trent D. W. 1997; Molecular evolution and phylogeny of dengue-4 viruses. J Gen Virol 78:2279–2286
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Lewis J. A., Chang G.-J., Lanciotti R. S., Kinney R. M., Mayer L. W., Trent D. W. 1993; Phylogenetic relationships of dengue-2 viruses. Virology 197:216–224 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Lindenbach B. D., Rice C. M. 2001; Flaviviridae : the viruses and their replication. In Fields Virology , 4th edn. pp  991–1042 Edited by Knipe D. M., Howley P. M. Philadelphia: Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins;
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Mongkolsapaya J., Dejnirattisai W., Xu X.-N. & 11 other authors 2003; Original antigenic sin and apoptosis in the pathogenesis of dengue hemorrhagic fever. Nat Med 9:921–927 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  27. Nisalak A., Endy T. P., Nimmannitya S. & 7 other authors 2003; Serotype-specific dengue virus circulation and dengue disease in Bangkok, Thailand from 1973 to 1999. Am J Trop Med Hyg 68:191–202
    [Google Scholar]
  28. Rico-Hesse R. 1990; Molecular evolution and distribution of dengue viruses type 1 and 2 in nature. Virology 174:479–493 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  29. Rico-Hesse R., Harrison L. M., Salas R. A. & 7 other authors 1997; Origins of dengue type 2 viruses associated with increased pathogenicity in the Americas. Virology 230:244–251 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  30. Rico-Hesse R., Harrison L. M., Nisalak A., Vaughn D. W., Kalayanarooj S., Green S., Rothman A. L., Ennis F. A. 1998; Molecular evolution of dengue type 2 virus in Thailand. Am J Trop Med Hyg 58:96–101
    [Google Scholar]
  31. Rodriguez-Roche R., Alvarez M., Gritsun T., Halstead S., Kouri G., Gould E. A., Guzman M. G. 2005; Virus evolution during a severe dengue epidemic in Cuba, 1997. Virology 334:154–159 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  32. Shurtleff A. C., Beasley D. W. C., Chen J. J. Y. & 9 other authors 2001; Genetic variation in the 3′ non-coding region of dengue viruses. Virology 281:75–87 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  33. Simmons C. P., Dong T., Chau N. V. & 7 other authors 2005; Early T-cell responses to dengue virus epitopes in Vietnamese adults with secondary dengue virus infections. J Virol 79:5665–5675 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  34. Sittisombut N., Sistayanarain A., Cardosa M. J., Salminen M., Damrongdachakul S., Kalayanarooj S., Rojanasuphot S., Supawadee J., Maneekarn N. 1997; Possible occurrence of a genetic bottleneck in dengue serotype 2 viruses between the 1980 and 1987 epidemic seasons in Bangkok, Thailand. Am J Trop Med Hyg 57:100–108
    [Google Scholar]
  35. Strimmer K., von Haeseler A. 1996; Quartet puzzling: a quartet maximum-likelihood method for reconstructing tree topologies. Mol Biol Evol 13:964–969 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  36. Swofford D. L. 2003 paup*: Phylogenetic Analysis Using Parsimony (*and other methods), version 4 Sunderland, MA: Sinauer Associates;
    [Google Scholar]
  37. Thu H. M., Lowry K., Myint T. T., Shwe T. N., Han A. M., Khin K. K., Thant K. Z., Thein S., Aaskov J. 2004; Myanmar dengue outbreak associated with displacement of serotypes 2, 3, and 4 by dengue 1. Emerg Infect Dis 10:593–597 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  38. Trent D. W., Grant J. A., Monath T. P., Manske C. L., Corina M., Fox G. E. 1989; Genetic variation and microevolution of dengue 2 virus in Southeast Asia. Virology 172:523–535 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  39. Twiddy S. S., Farrar J. F., Chau N. V., Wills B., Gould E. A., Gritsun T., Lloyd G., Holmes E. C. 2002a; Phylogenetic relationships and differential selection pressures among genotypes of dengue-2 virus. Virology 298:63–72 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  40. Twiddy S. S., Woelk C. H., Holmes E. C. 2002b; Phylogenetic evidence for adaptive evolution of dengue viruses in nature. J Gen Virol 83:1679–1689
    [Google Scholar]
  41. Twiddy S. S., Holmes E. C., Rambaut A. 2003; Inferring the rate and time-scale of dengue virus evolution. Mol Biol Evol 20:122–129 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  42. Uzcategui N. Y., Camacho D., Comach G., Cuello de Uzcategui R., Holmes E. C., Gould E. A. 2001; Molecular epidemiology of dengue type 2 virus in Venezuela: evidence for in situ virus evolution and recombination. J Gen Virol 82:2945–2953
    [Google Scholar]
  43. Vaughn D. W., Green S., Kalayanarooj S. & 8 other authors 2000; Dengue viremia titer, antibody response pattern, and virus serotype correlate with disease severity. J Infect Dis 181:2–9 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  44. Watts D. M., Porter K. R., Putvatana P., Vasquez B., Calampa C., Hayes C. G., Halstead S. B. 1999; Failure of secondary infection with American genotype dengue 2 to cause dengue haemorrhagic fever. Lancet 354:1431–1434 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  45. WHO 2002; Dengue and dengue haemorrhagic fever. Fact sheet no. 117: http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs117/en/
    [Google Scholar]
  46. Wittke V., Robb T. E., Thu H. M. & 7 other authors 2002; Extinction and rapid emergence of strains of dengue 3 virus during an interepidemic period. Virology 301:148–156 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  47. Woelk C. H., Holmes E. C. 2002; Reduced positive selection in vector-borne RNA viruses. Mol Biol Evol 19:2333–2336 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  48. Yang Z., Nielsen R., Goldman N., Krabbe Pedersen A.-M. 2000; Codon-substitution models for heterogeneous selection pressure at amino acid sites. Genetics 155:431–449
    [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/vir.0.81486-0
Loading
/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/vir.0.81486-0
Loading

Data & Media loading...

Supplements

Supplementary material 1

PDF
This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error