RT Journal Article SR Electronic(1) A1 Wang, Guihua A1 Zhan, Dawei A1 Li, Laixing A1 Lei, Fumin A1 Liu, Bohua A1 Liu, Di A1 Xiao, Haixia A1 Feng, Youjun A1 Li, Jing A1 Yang, Baoan A1 Yin, Zuohua A1 Song, Xiaohui A1 Zhu, Xiaojia A1 Cong, Yanlong A1 Pu, Juan A1 Wang, Jian A1 Liu, Jinhua A1 Gao, George F. A1 Zhu, QingyuYR 2008 T1 H5N1 avian influenza re-emergence of Lake Qinghai: phylogenetic and antigenic analyses of the newly isolated viruses and roles of migratory birds in virus circulation JF Journal of General Virology, VO 89 IS 3 SP 697 OP 702 DO https://doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.83419-0 PB Microbiology Society, SN 1465-2099, AB Highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 virus has swept west across the globe and caused serious debates on the roles of migratory birds in virus circulation since the first large-scale outbreak in migratory birds of Lake Qinghai, 2005. In May 2006, another outbreak struck Lake Qinghai and six novel strains were isolated. To elucidate these QH06 viruses, the six isolates were subjected to whole-genome sequencing. Phylogenetic analyses show that QH06 viruses are derived from the lineages of Lake Qinghai, 2005. Five of the six novel isolates are adjacent to the strain A/Cygnus olor/Croatia/1/05, and the last one is related to the strain A/duck/Novosibirsk/02/05, an isolate of the flyway. Antigenic analyses suggest that QH06 and QH05 viruses are similar to each other. These findings implicate that QH06 viruses of Lake Qinghai may travel back via migratory birds, though not ruling out the possibility of local circulation of viruses of Lake Qinghai., UL https://www.microbiologyresearch.org/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/vir.0.83419-0