1887

Abstract

Analyses of the mRNA transcription processes of viruses in four genera ( and ) of the family have revealed a common mechanism of initiation using host-derived primers, known as cap-snatching. To provide similar information on the fifth genus in the family, the 5′ ends of Dugbe nairovirus S mRNA species were specifically cloned and sequenced. This revealed the presence of non-viral heterogeneous sequences, five to 16 nucleotides in length (average of 10 nucleotides) at the 5′ ends, confirming that cap-snatching to prime mRNA synthesis is a familial characteristic of the . Inspection of the sequences in the primers on nairovirus, bunyavirus and phlebovirus mRNAs suggests that in some cases polymerase slippage occurs shortly after initiation, resulting in a partial reiteration of the 5′-terminal nucleotides of the viral RNA.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-74-10-2293
1993-10-01
2024-04-19
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/jgv/74/10/JV0740102293.html?itemId=/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-74-10-2293&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Beaton A. R., Krug R. M. 1981; Selected host cell capped RNA fragments prime influenza viral RNA transcription in vivo. Nucleic Acids Research 9:4423–1436
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Bishop D. H. L. 1986; Viruses with ambisense genomes. In Concepts in Viral Pathogenesis vol 2 pp 32–39 Edited by Notkins A. L., Oldstone M. B. A. New York: Springer-Verlag;
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Bishop D. H. L. 1990; Bunyaviridae and their replication. I. Bunyaviridae. In Virology pp 1155–1173 Edited by Fields B. N., Knipe D. M. New York: Raven Press;
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Bishop D. H. L., Gay M. E., Matsuoko Y. 1983; Nonviral heterogeneous sequences are present at the 5′ ends of snowshoe hare bunyavirus S complementary RNA. Nucleic Acids Research 11:6409–6418
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Bouloy M., Pardigon N., Vialat P., Gerbaud S., Girard M. 1990; Characterization of the 5′ and 3′ ends of viral messenger RNAs isolated from BHK21 cells infected with Germiston virus (Bunyavirus). Virology 175:50–58
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Calisher C. H. 1991; Bunyaviridae. Archives of Virology Supple-mentum 2:273–283
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Casals J., Tignor G. H. 1980; The Nairovirus genus: serological relationships. Intervirology 14:144–147
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Clerx J. P. M., Casals J., Bishop D. H. L. 1981; Structural characteristics of nairoviruses (genus Nairovirus, Bunyaviridae). Journal of General Virology 55:165–178
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Collett M. S. 1986; Messenger RNA of the M segment RNA of Rift Valley fever virus. Virology 151:151–156
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Dumas J. B., Edwards M., Delort J., Mallet J. 1991; Oligodeoxyribonucleotide ligation to single-stranded cDNAs: a new tool for cloning 5′ ends of mRNAs and for constructing cDNA libraries by in vitro amplification. Nucleic Acids Research 19:5227–5232
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Elliott R. M. 1990; Molecular biology of the Bunyaviridae. Journal of General Virology 71:501–522
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Eshita Y., Ericson B., Romanowski V., Bishop D. H. L. 1985; Analyses of the mRNA transcription processes of snowshoe hare bunyavirus S and M RNA species. Journal of Virology 55:681–689
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Garcin D., Kolakofsky D. 1990; A novel mechanism for the initiation of Tacaribe arenavirus genome replication. Journal of Virology 64:6196–6203
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Garcin D., Kolakofsky D. 1992; Tacaribe arenavirus RNA synthesis in vitro is primer dependent and suggests an unusual model for the initiation of genome replication. Journal of Virology 66:1370–1376
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Ihara T., Matsuura Y., Bishop D. H. L. 1985; Analyses of the mRNA transcription processes of Punta Toro phlebovirus (Bunyaviridae). Virology 147:317–325
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Jin H., Elliott R. M. 1993; Characterization of Bunyamwera virus S RNA that is transcribed and replicated by the L protein expressed from recombinant vaccinia virus. Journal of Virology 67:1396–1404
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Kolakofsky D. (editor) 1991; Bunyaviridae. Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology 169:
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Kormelink R., Van Poelwijk F., Peters D., Goldbach R. 1992; Non-viral heterogeneous sequences at the 5′ ends of tomato spotted wilt virus mRNAs. Journal of General Virology 73:2125–2128
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Krug R. M. 1981; Priming of influenza viral RNA transcription by capped heterologous RNAs. Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology 93:125–149
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Lamb R. A., Lai C. -J., Choppin P. W. 1981; Sequences of mRNAs derived from genome RNA segment 7 of influenza virus: collinear and interrupted mRNAs code for overlapping proteins. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, U,. S,. A 78:4170–1174
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Marriott A. C., Nuttall P. A. 1992; Comparison of the S RNA segments and nucleoprotein sequences of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever, Hazara and Dugbe viruses. Virology 189:795–799
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Marriott A. C., El-Ghorr A. A., Nuttall P. A. 1992; Dugbe nairovirus M RNA: nucleotide sequence and coding strategy. Virology 190:606–615
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Patterson J. L., Kolakofsky D. 1984; Characterization of La Crosse virus small genome transcripts. Journal of Virology 49:680–685
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Patterson J. L., Holloway B., Kolakofsky D. 1984; La Crosse virions contain a primer-stimulated RNA polymerase and a methylated cap-dependent endonuclease. Journal of Virology 52:215–222
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Sambrook J., Fritsch E. F., Maniatis T. 1989 Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual New York: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory;
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Schmaljohn C. S., Patterson J. L. 1990; Bunyaviridae and their replication. II. Replication of Bunyaviridae. In Virology pp 1175–1194 Edited by Fields B. N., Knipe D. M. New York: Raven Press;
    [Google Scholar]
  27. Shaw M. W., Lamb R. A. 1984; A specific sub-set of host cell mRNAs prime influenza virus mRNA synthesis. Virus Research 1:455–167
    [Google Scholar]
  28. Simons J. F., Pettersson R. F. 1991; Host derived 5′ ends and overlapping complementary 3′ ends of the two mRNAs transcribed from the ambisense S segment of Uukuniemi virus. Journal of Virology 65:4741–1748
    [Google Scholar]
  29. Vialat P., Bouloy M. 1992; Germiston virus transcriptase requires active 40S ribosomal subunits and utilizes capped cellular RNA. Journal of Virology 66:685–693
    [Google Scholar]
  30. Vidal S., Curran J., Kolakofsky D. 1990; A stuttering model for paramyxovirus P mRNA editing. EM BO Journal 9:2017–2022
    [Google Scholar]
  31. Ward V. K., Marriott A. C., El-Ghorr A. A., Nuttall P. A. 1990; Coding strategy of the S RNA segment of Dugbe virus (Nairovirus; Bunyaviridae). Virology 175:518–524
    [Google Scholar]
  32. Watret G. E., Pringle C. R., Elliott R. M. 1985; Synthesis of bunyavirus-specific proteins in a continuous cell line (XTC-2) derived from Xenopus laevis. Journal of General Virology 66:473–482
    [Google Scholar]
  33. Zeller H. G., Karabatsos N., Calisher C. H., Digoutte J. -P., Cropp C. B., Murphy F. A., Shope R. E. 1989; Electron microscopic and antigenic studies of uncharacterized viruses. II. Evidence suggesting the placement of viruses in the family Bunyaviridae. Archives of Virology 108211–227
    [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-74-10-2293
Loading
/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-74-10-2293
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error