1887

Abstract

The plant-infecting geminiviruses deliver their genome and viral proteins into the host cell nucleus. Members of the family possess either a bipartite genome composed of two ∼2.6 kb DNAs or a monopartite genome of ∼3.0 kb DNA. The bipartite genome of (BDMV) encodes several karyophilic proteins, among them the capsid protein (CP) and BV1 (nuclear shuttle protein). A CP is also encoded by the monopartite genome of (TYLCV). Here, an assay system was used for direct demonstration of nuclear import of BDMV BV1 and TYLCV CP, as well as synthetic peptides containing their putative nuclear localization signals (NLSs). Full-length recombinant BDMV BV1 and TYLCV CP mediated import of conjugated fluorescently labelled BSA molecules into nuclei of permeabilized mammalian cells. Fluorescently labelled and biotinylated BSA conjugates bearing the synthetic peptides containing aa 3–20 of TYLCV CP (CP-NLS) or aa 84–106 of BDMV BV1 (BV1-NLS) were also imported into the nuclei of permeabilized cells. This import was blocked by the addition of unlabelled BSA–NLS peptide conjugates or excess unlabelled free NLS peptides. The CP- and BV1-NLS peptides also mediated nuclear import of fluorescently labelled BSA molecules into the nuclei of microinjected mesophyll cells of leaves, demonstrating their biological function in intact plant tissue. BV1-NLS and CP-NLS were shown to mediate specific binding to importin , both and . These results are consistent with a common nuclear-import pathway for CP and BV1, probably via importin .

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2006-09-01
2024-03-28
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