1887

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Volume 75, Issue 1

Modulation of antiviral immune responses by exogenous cytokines: effects of tumour necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1α, interleukin-2 and interferon- on the immunogenicity of an inactivated rabies vaccine Free

Abstract

administration of exogenous cytokines may influence elicited immune responses, and hence may change the efficacy of a vaccine. We investigated the effects of tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin- 1α (IL-1α), interleukin-2 (IL-2) and interferon- (IFN-) on the immune response elicited by inactivated rabies virus vaccine in a mouse model. Each of the cytokines increased virus-specific IgG responses after primary and after secondary immunization. A single dose of 1·3 ng TNF-α or 1L-1α, when injected shortly before vaccination, only marginally stimulated resistance to challenge infection (four- and seven-fold, respectively) without enhancing virus neutralizing antibody (VNAb) responses. In contrast, a single injection of 10 units of IFN- or five daily injections of 1·6 μg IL-2 increased vaccine dilutions protecting 50% of mice (PD values) 77- to 50-fold, respectively, with a concomitant enhancement of VNAb. At a 1:10000 dilution of a standard inactivated rabies vaccine preparation both ILN- and 1L-2 increased protective immunity without enhancing VNAb responses; in non-vaccinated animals this treatment had no effect on resistance to challenge. Combined administration of IFN-y and 1L-2 syner- gistically enhanced VNAb responses. In contrast to the other cytokines tested, 1FN- preferentially stimulated virus-specific IgG2a production. It also augmented the vaccine-induced priming of rabies virus-specific spleno- cyte proliferation. These results document that certain cytokines alone or in combination are potent immunological adjuvants which may direct and modulate immunization-induced antiviral immune responses.

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  • Accepted:
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© The Journal of General Virology 1994
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1994-01-01
2024-04-19
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Modulation of antiviral immune responses by exogenous cytokines: effects of tumour necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1α, interleukin-2 and interferon-γ on the immunogenicity of an inactivated rabies vaccine
J. Gen. Virol. 75, 55 (1994); https://doi.org/10.1099/0022-1317-75-1-55
/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-75-1-55
/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-75-1-55
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