RT Journal Article SR Electronic(1) A1 de Sousa-Pereira, Patrícia A1 Abrantes, Joana A1 Bauernfried, Stefan A1 Pierini, Virginia A1 Esteves, Pedro José A1 Keppler, Oliver T. A1 Pizzato, Massimo A1 Hornung, Veit A1 Fackler, Oliver T. A1 Baldauf, Hanna-MariYR 2019 T1 The antiviral activity of rodent and lagomorph SERINC3 and SERINC5 is counteracted by known viral antagonists JF Journal of General Virology, VO 100 IS 2 SP 278 OP 288 DO https://doi.org/10.1099/jgv.0.001201 PB Microbiology Society, SN 1465-2099, AB A first step towards the development of a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) animal model has been the identification and surmounting of species-specific barriers encountered by HIV along its replication cycle in cells from small animals. Serine incorporator proteins 3 (SERINC3) and 5 (SERINC5) were recently identified as restriction factors that reduce HIV-1 infectivity. Here, we compared the antiviral activity of SERINC3 and SERINC5 among mice, rats and rabbits, and their susceptibility to viral counteraction to their human counterparts. In the absence of viral antagonists, rodent and lagomorph SERINC3 and SERINC5 displayed anti-HIV activity in a similar range to human controls. Vesicular stomatitis virus G protein (VSV-G) pseudotyped virions were considerably less sensitive to restriction by all SERINC3/5 orthologs. Interestingly, HIV-1 Nef, murine leukemia virus (MLV) GlycoGag and equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV) S2 counteracted the antiviral activity of all SERINC3/5 orthologs with similar efficiency. Our results demonstrate that the antiviral activity of SERINC3/5 proteins is conserved in rodents and rabbits, and can be overcome by all three previously reported viral antagonists., UL https://www.microbiologyresearch.org/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/jgv.0.001201