1887

Microbiology Society logo

Volume 142, Issue 3

The Application of Serological Techniques to the Taxonomy of and Related Organisms Free

Abstract

Antisera were raised against rods of 17 named and strains. Antigenic relationships between these strains, other soil bacteria and new isolates from several soils were studied, using agglutination, immunodiffusion, immunofluorescence and ELISA techniques. Many of the named species had common antigens, and there were also common antigens amongst named strains and many fresh isolates. Agglutination, ELISA and immunofluorescence tests revealed greater antigenic differences between the named strains than did immunodiffusion tests. Serological similarities between the 17 named strains and the fresh isolates were calculated using coefficients. The occurrence of named strains in serogroups based on immunodiffusion data supported the taxonomic scheme for arthrobacters in The distribution of soil isolates in serogroups resembled that in groups based on numerical analysis of diverse characters. This makes it possible to use serological tests to locate particular species in soil samples. was serologically distinct from other members of the group and did not cluster with them phenetically. Serological data suggest that and constitute a single species. Although and have been placed in the genus they are serologically distinct from one another and more closely resemble strains were serologically distinct from arthrobacters. showed many cross-reactions with several antisera, supporting the placement of micrococci in the same family as arthrobacters.

  • Received:
  • Accepted:
  • Revised:
  • Published Online:
Keyword(s): Arthrobacter , ELISA , fluorescent antibodies , soil microbiology and taxonomy
© Society for General Microbiology 1996
Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/micro/10.1099/13500872-142-3-561
1996-03-01
2024-04-24
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/micro/142/3/mic-142-3-561.html?itemId=/content/journal/micro/10.1099/13500872-142-3-561&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Collins, M. D., & Jones, D.. ( 1981;). The distribution of isoprenoid quinone structural types in bacteria and their taxonomic implications. . Microbiol Rev 45, 316–354.
     [Google Scholar]
  2. Collins, M. D., & Kroppenstedt, R. M.. ( 1983;). Lipid composition as a guide to the classification of some coryneform bacteria containing an A4α type peptidoglycan (Schleifer and Kandler). . Syst Appl Microbiol 4, 95–104.
     [Google Scholar]
  3. Collins, M. D.,, Jones, D.,, Keddie, R. M.,, Kroppenstedt, R. M., & Schleifer, K. H.. ( 1983;). Classification of some coryneform bacteria in a new genus Aureobacterium. . Syst Appl Microbiol 4, 236–252.
     [Google Scholar]
  4. Cummins, C. S.. ( 1962;). Chemical composition and antigenic structure of cell walls of Corynebacteria, Mycobacteria, Nocardia, Actinomyces and Arthrobacter. . J Gen Microbiol 28, 35–50.
     [Google Scholar]
  5. Henriksen, S. D.. ( 1978;). Serotyping of bacteria. . Methods Microbiol 12, 1–13.
     [Google Scholar]
  6. Holland, A. A.,, Gray, T. R. G., & Luscombe, B. M.. ( 1972;). Immunodiffusion and fluorescent antibody methods to distinguish rod from coccoid forms of a species of Arthrobacter. . Antonie Leeuwenhoek 38, 169–176.
     [Google Scholar]
  7. Interschick, E.,, Fiedler, F.,, Schleifer, K. H., & Kandler, O.. ( 1970;). Glycine amide, a constituent of the murein of Arthrobacter atrocyaneus. . Z Naturforsch 25, 714–717.
     [Google Scholar]
  8. Katznelson, H., & Mason, A.. ( 1962;). Serological relationships among the species of Arthrobacter. . Can J Microbiol 8, 588–591.
     [Google Scholar]
  9. Keddie, R. M.. ( 1974;). The Genus Arthrobacter. . In Bergey’s Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, , 8th. edn, pp. 629–631. Edited by R. E. Buchanan, & N. E. Gibbons.. Baltimore:: Williams & Wilkins;.
     [Google Scholar]
  10. Keddie, R. M., & Cure, G. L.. ( 1977;). The cell wall composition of free mycolic acids in named strains of coryneform bacteria and in isolates from various natural sources. . J Appl Bacteriol 42, 229–253.
     [Google Scholar]
  11. Keddie, R. M., & Cure, G. L.. ( 1978;). Cell wall composition of coryneform bacteria. . In Coryneform Bacteria, pp. 47–84. Edited by I. J. Bousfield, & A. G. Callely.. London:: Academic Press;.
     [Google Scholar]
  12. Keddie, R. M.,, Collins, M. D., & Jones, D.. ( 1986;). The genus Arthrobacter. . In Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, vol. 2, pp. 1288–1301. Edited by P. H. A. Sneath,, N. S. Mair,, M. E. Sharpe, & J. G. Holt.. Baltimore:: Williams & Wilkins;.
     [Google Scholar]
  13. Kloos, W. E.,, Tornabene, T. G., & Schleifer, K. H.. ( 1974;). Isolation and characterisation of micrococci from human skin, including two new species: Micrococcus lylae and Micrococcus kristinae. . Int J Syst Bacteriol 24, 79–101.
     [Google Scholar]
  14. Kocur, M.,, Bergan, T., & Mortensen, N.. ( 1971;). DNA base composition of Gram-positive cocci. . J Gen Microbiol 69, 167–183.
     [Google Scholar]
  15. Lochhead, A. G., & Burton, M. O.. ( 1953;). An essential bacterial growth factor produced by microbial synthesis. . Can J Bot 31, 7–22.
     [Google Scholar]
  16. Lowe, W. E., & Gray, T. R. G.. ( 1972;). Ecological studies on coccoid bacteria in a pine forest soil. I. Classification. . Soil Biol Biochem 4, 459–468.
     [Google Scholar]
  17. Mansoor, E.. ( 1992). Immunological approaches to the ecology of Arthrobacter in soil. PhD thesis, University of Essex;, UK:.
     [Google Scholar]
  18. Mansoor, E., & Gray, T. R. G.. ( 1995;). Growth of Arthrobacter globiformis in soil observed by fluorescent antibodies and ELISA techniques. . Microbiology 141, 505–511.
     [Google Scholar]
  19. Minnikin, D. E.,, Goodfellow, M., & Collins, M. D.. ( 1978;). Lipid composition in the classification and identification of coryneform and related taxa. . In Coryneform Bacteria, pp. 85–160. Edited by I. J. Bousfield, & A. G. Callely.. London:: Academic Press;.
     [Google Scholar]
  20. Olsen, P. E.,, Rice, W. A.,, Stemke, G. W., & Page, W. J.. ( 1983;). Strain specific serological techniques for the identification of Rhizobium meliloti in commercial alfalfa inoculants. . Can J Microbiol 29,225–230.
     [Google Scholar]
  21. Ouchterlony, O.. ( 1962;). Diffusion in gel methods for immunological analysis. II. . Prog Allergy 6, 30–154.
     [Google Scholar]
  22. Schleifer, K. H.. ( 1986;). Gram positive cocci. . In Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, vol. 2, pp. 999–1100. Edited by P. H. A. Sneath,, N. S. Mair,, M. E. Sharpe, & J. G. Holt.. Baltimore:: Williams & Wilkins;.
     [Google Scholar]
  23. Schleifer, K. H., & Kandler, O.. ( 1972;). Peptidoglycan types of bacterial cell walls and their taxonomic implications. . Bacteriol Rev 36, 407–477.
     [Google Scholar]
  24. Skyring, G. W., & Quadling, C.. ( 1970;). Soil bacteria: a principal component analysis and guanine-cytosine contents of some arthro-bacter-coryneform soil isolates and some named cultures. . Can J Microbiol 16, 95–106.
     [Google Scholar]
  25. Sneath, P. H. A.. ( 1957;). The application of computers to taxonomy. . J Gen Microbiol 17, 201–226.
     [Google Scholar]
  26. Sneath, P. H. A., & Sokal, R. R.. ( 1973). Numerical Taxonomy: The Principles and Practice of Numerical Classification. San Francisco:: W. H. Freeman;.
     [Google Scholar]
  27. Sokal, R. R., & Michener, C. D.. ( 1958;). A statistical method for evaluating systematic relationships. . Kansas Univ Sci Bull 38, 1409–1438.
     [Google Scholar]
  28. Stackebrandt, E., & Fiedler, F.. ( 1979;). DNA-DNA homology studies among strains of Arthrobacter and Brevibacterium. . Arch Microbiol 120, 289–295.
     [Google Scholar]
  29. Stackebrandt, E., & Woese, C. R.. ( 1979;). A phylogenetic dissection of the family Micrococcaceae. . Curr Microbiol 2, 317–322.
     [Google Scholar]
  30. Stackebrandt, E.,, Fowler, V. J.,, Fiedler, F., & Seiler, H.. ( 1983;). Taxonomic studies on Arthrobacter nicotianae and related taxa. Description of Arthrobacter uratoxydans sp. nov. and Arthrobacter sulfureus sp. nov. and reclassification of Brevibacterium protophormiae as Arthrobacter protophormiae comb. nov. . Syst Appl Microbiol 4, 470–486.
     [Google Scholar]
  31. Suzuki, K., & Komagata, K.. ( 1983;). Pimelobacter gen. nov. – a new genus of coryneform bacteria with ll-diaminopimelic acid in the cell wall. . J Gen Appl Microbiol 29, 59–71.
     [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/micro/10.1099/13500872-142-3-561
Loading
The Application of Serological Techniques to the Taxonomy of Arthrobacter and Related Organisms
Microbiology 142, 561 (1996); https://doi.org/10.1099/13500872-142-3-561
/content/journal/micro/10.1099/13500872-142-3-561
/content/journal/micro/10.1099/13500872-142-3-561
Loading

Data & Media loading...

Most cited Most Cited RSS feed

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error