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Volume 158, Issue 12

adherence to hyphae is mediated by the hyphal adhesin Als3p Free

Abstract

The bacterium () and the opportunistic fungus are currently among the leading nosocomial pathogens, often co-infecting critically ill patients, with high morbidity and mortality. Previous investigations have demonstrated preferential adherence of to hyphae during mixed biofilm growth. In this study, we aimed to characterize the mechanism behind this observed interaction. adhesin-deficient mutant strains were screened by microscopy to identify the specific receptor on hyphae recognized by . Furthermore, an immunoassay was developed to validate and quantify staphylococcal binding to fungal biofilms. The findings from these experiments implicated the adhesin agglutinin-like sequence 3 (Als3p) in playing a major role in the adherence process. This association was quantitatively established using atomic force microscopy, in which the adhesion force between single cells of the two species was significantly reduced for a mutant strain lacking . Confocal microscopy further confirmed these observations, as overlaid with a purified recombinant Als3 N-terminal domain fragment (rAls3p) exhibited robust binding. Importantly, a strain of heterologously expressing Als3p was utilized to further confirm this adhesin as a receptor for . Although the parental strain does not bind bacteria, expression of Als3p on the cell surface conferred upon the yeast the ability to strongly bind . To elucidate the implications of these findings in a clinically relevant setting, an murine model of co-infection was designed using murine tongue explants. Fluorescent microscopic images revealed extensive hyphal penetration of the epithelium typical of mucosal infection. Interestingly, bacterial cells were only seen within the epithelial tissue when associated with the invasive hyphae. This differed from tongues infected with alone or in conjunction with the mutant strain of , where bacterial presence was limited to the outer layers of the oral tissue. Collectively, the findings generated from this study identified a key role for Als3p in mediating this clinically relevant fungal–bacterial interaction.

  • Received:
  • Accepted:
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  • Published Online:
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2012-12-01
2024-04-16
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Staphylococcus aureus adherence to Candida albicans hyphae is mediated by the hyphal adhesin Als3p
Microbiology 158, 2975 (2012); https://doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.062109-0
/content/journal/micro/10.1099/mic.0.062109-0
/content/journal/micro/10.1099/mic.0.062109-0
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