Evolutionary pathways of N2 neuraminidases of swine and human influenza A viruses: origin of the neuraminidase genes of two reassortants (H1N2) isolated from pigs

References

1. Air G. M., Els M. C., Laver W. G., Webster R. G. 1985a; Location of antigenic sites on the three-dimensional structure of the influenza N2 virus neuraminidase. Virology 145:237–248
   [Google Scholar]
2. Air G. M., Ritchie L. R., Laver W. G., Colman P. M. 1985b; Gene and protein sequence of an influenza neuraminidase with hemagglutinin activity. Virology 145:117–122
   [Google Scholar]
3. Air G. M., Gibbs A. J., Laver W. G., Webster R. G. 1990; Evolutionary changes in influenza B are not primarily governed by antibody selection. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, U.S.A 87:3884–3888
   [Google Scholar]
4. Bently D. R., Brownlee G. G. 1982; Sequence of N2 neuraminidase from influenza virus A/NT/60/68. Nucleic Acids Research 10:5033–5042
   [Google Scholar]
5. Davis A. R., Nayak D. P., Ueda M., Hiti A. L., Dowbenko D., Kleid D. G. 1981; Expression of antigenic determinants of the hemagglutinin gene of a human influenza virus in Escherichia coli . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, U.S.A. 78:5376–5380
   [Google Scholar]
6. Efstratiadis A., Kafatos F. C., Maxam A., Maniatis T. 1976; Enzymatic in vitro synthesis of globin genes. Cell 7:279–288
   [Google Scholar]
7. Elleman T. C., Azad A. A., Ward C. W. 1982; Neuraminidase gene from the early Asian strain of human influenza virus A/RI/5^_/57 (H2N2). Nucleic Acids Research 10:7005–7015
   [Google Scholar]
8. Fang R., Min Jou W., Huylebroeck D., Devos R., Fiers W. 1981; Complete structure of A/duck/Ukraine/63 influenza hemagglutinin gene: animal virus as progenitor of human H3 Hong Kong 1968 influenza hemagglutinin. Cell 25:315–323
   [Google Scholar]
9. Henikoff S. 1984; Undirectional digestion with exonuclease III creates targeted breakpoints for DNA sequencing. Gene 28:351–359
   [Google Scholar]
10. Kanegae Y., Sugita S., Endo A., Ishida M., Senya S., Osako K., Nerome K., Oya A. 1990; Evolutionary pattern of the hemagglutinin gene of influenza B viruses isolated in Japan: cocirculating lineages in the same epidemic season. Journal of Virology 64:2860–2865
    [Google Scholar]
11. Kawaoka Y., Krauss S., Webster R. G. 1989; Avian-to-human transmission of the PB1 gene of influenza A viruses in the 1957 and 1968 pandemics. Journal of Virology 63:4603–4608
    [Google Scholar]
12. Kida H., Kawaoka Y., Naebe C., Webster R. G. 1987; Antigenic and genetic conservation of H3 influenza virus in wild ducks. Virology 159:109–119
    [Google Scholar]
13. Kida H., Shortridge K. F., Webster R. G. 1988; Origin of the hemagglutinin genes of H3N2 influenza viruses from pigs in China. Virology 162:160–166
    [Google Scholar]
14. Kimura M. 1977; Preponderance of synonymous changes as evidence for the neutral theory of molecular evolution. Nature, London 261:275–276
    [Google Scholar]
15. Lentz M. R., Air G. M., Laver W. G., Webster R. G. 1984; Sequence of the neuraminidase gene of influenza virus A/Tokyo/3/67 and previously uncharacterized monoclonal variants. Virology 135:257–265
    [Google Scholar]
16. Markoff L., Lai C. J. 1982; Sequence of the influenza A/Udorn/72 (H3N2) virus neuraminidase gene as determined from cloned full-length DNA. Virology 119:288–297
    [Google Scholar]
17. Martinez C., Rio L. D., Portela A., Domingo E., Ortín J. 1983; Evolution of the influenza virus neuraminidase gene during drift of the N2 subtype. Virology 130:539–545
    [Google Scholar]
18. Nakajima K., Nakajima S., Shortridge K. F., Kendal A. P. 1982; Further genetic evidence for maintenance of early Hong Kong-like influenza A (H3N2) strains in swine until 1976. Virology 116:562–572
    [Google Scholar]
19. Nei M., Gojobori T. 1986; Simple methods for estimating the numbers of synonymous and nonsynonymous nucleotide substitutions. Molecular Biology and Evolution 3:418–426
    [Google Scholar]
20. Nerome K., Ishida M., Nakayama M., Oya A., Kanai C., Suwicha K. 1981; Antigenic and genetic analysis of A/HongKong (H3N2) influenza viruses isolated from swine and man. Journal of General Virology 56:441–445
    [Google Scholar]
21. Nerome K., Sakamoto S., Yano N., Yamamoto T., Kobayashi S., Webster R. G., Oya A. 1983; Antigenic characteristics and genome composition of a naturally occurring recombinant influenza virus isolated from a pig in Japan. Journal of General Virology 64:2611–2620
    [Google Scholar]
22. Nerome K., Yoshioka Y., Sakamoto S., Yasuhara H., Oya A. 1985; Characterization of a 1980 swine recombinant influenza virus possessing HI hemagglutinin and N2 neuraminidase similar to that of the earliest Hong Kong (H3N2) virus. Archives of Virology 86:197–211
    [Google Scholar]
23. Rompuy L. V., Min Jou W., Huylebroeck D., Fiers W. 1982; Complete nucleotide sequence of a human influenza neuraminidase gene of sub–type N2 (A/Victoria/3/75). Journal of Molecular Evolution 3:57–74
    [Google Scholar]
24. Saitou N., Nei M. 1987; The neighbor-joining method: a new method for reconstructing phylogenetic trees. Molecular Biology and Evolution 4:406–425
    [Google Scholar]
25. Sanger F., Nicklen S., Coulson A. R. 1977; DNA sequencing with chain-terminating inhibitors. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, U.S.A 74:5463–5467
    [Google Scholar]
26. Scholtissek C., Rohde E., Von Hoynigen V., Rott R. 1978; On the origin of the human influenza virus subtypes H2N2 and H3N2. Virology 87:13–20
    [Google Scholar]
27. Shortridge K. F., Cherry A., Kendal A. P. 1979; Further studies of the antigenic properties of H3N2 strains of influenza A isolated from swine in south east Asia. Journal of General Virology 44:251–254
    [Google Scholar]
28. Webster R. G., Brown L. E., Laver W. G. 1984; Antigenic and biological characterization of influenza virus neuraminidase (N2) with monoclonal antibodies. Virology 135:30–42
    [Google Scholar]