1887

Journal of General Virology header logo

Volume 93, Issue 2

Characterization of an multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus dual mutant: ORF82 is required for budded virus production, and a point mutation in LEF-8 alters late and abolishes very late transcription Free

Abstract

A temperature-sensitive () multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus dual mutant, 42, was generated that displayed tiny-plaque and polyhedral inclusion body (PIB)-defective phenotypes at 33 °C. The mutation responsible for the tiny-plaque phenotype was mapped to , which was characterized as a late gene. Its product was not studied. The mutation responsible for the PIB-defective phenotype was mapped to a highly conserved region of , which encodes the largest subunit of the viral RNA polymerase. These mutations did not cause a global defect in viral DNA replication or a defect in the shutoff of host protein synthesis. However, the mutation in caused a dramatic defect in the production of progeny budded virus (BV) but did not decrease the infectivity of those BVs that were released. Hence, ORF82 is required for BV production. The mutation in affected a conserved residue that is part of a highly conserved region of LEF-8. This mutation abolished very late transcription whilst altering the transcript size and level of transcription of two late genes.

  • Received:
  • Accepted:
  • Published Online:
© 2012 SGM
Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/vir.0.037028-0
2012-02-01
2024-05-02
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/jgv/93/2/364.html?itemId=/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/vir.0.037028-0&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Beniya H., Funk C. J., Rohrmann G. F., Weaver R. F. 1996; Purification of a virus-induced RNA polymerase from Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus-infected Spodoptera frugiperda cells that accurately initiates late and very late transcription in vitro . Virology 216:12–19 [View Article][PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  2. Blissard G. W., Rohrmann G. F. 1990; Baculovirus diversity and molecular biology. Annu Rev Entomol 35:127–155 [View Article][PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  3. Erlandson M. A., Gordon J., Carstens E. B. 1985; Size and map locations of early transcription products on the Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus genome. Virology 142:12–23 [View Article][PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  4. Friesen P. D. 2007; Insect viruses. In Virology, 5th edn. pp. 707–736 Edited by Fields B. N. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins;
     [Google Scholar]
  5. Friesen P. D., Miller L. K. 1986; The regulation of baculovirus gene expression. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 131:31–49 [View Article][PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  6. Fuchs L. Y., Woods M. S., Weaver R. F. 1983; Viral transcription during Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus infection: a novel RNA polymerase induced in infected Spodoptera frugiperda cells. J Virol 48:641–646[PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  7. Gil A., Proudfoot N. J. 1987; Position-dependent sequence elements downstream of AAUAAA are required for efficient rabbit β-globin mRNA 3′ end formation. Cell 49:399–406 [View Article][PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  8. Glocker B., Hoopes R. R. Jr, Hodges L., Rohrmann G. F. 1993; In vitro transcription from baculovirus late gene promoters: accurate mRNA initiation by nuclear extracts prepared from infected Spodoptera frugiperda cells. J Virol 67:3771–3776[PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  9. Gordon J. D., Carstens E. B. 1984; Phenotypic characterization and physical mapping of a temperature-sensitive mutant of Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus defective in DNA synthesis. Virology 138:69–81 [View Article][PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  10. Grula M. A., Buller P. L., Weaver R. F. 1981; α-Amanitin-resistant viral RNA synthesis in nuclei isolated from nuclear polyhedrosis virus-infected Heliothis zea larvae and Spodoptera frugiperda cells. J Virol 38:916–921[PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  11. Guarino L. A., Xu B., Jin J., Dong W. 1998; A virus-encoded RNA polymerase purified from baculovirus-infected cells. J Virol 72:7985–7991[PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  12. Hodgson J. J., Arif B. M., Krell P. J. 2007; Reprogramming the chiA expression profile of Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus. J Gen Virol 88:2479–2487 [View Article][PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  13. Holden H. M., Wesenberg G., Raynes D. A., Hartshorne D. J., Guerriero V. Jr, Rayment I. 1996; Molecular structure of a proteolytic fragment of TLP20. Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr 52:1153–1160 [View Article][PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  14. Huh N. E., Weaver R. F. 1990a; Categorizing some early and late transcripts directed by the Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus. J Gen Virol 71:2195–2200 [View Article][PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  15. Huh N. E., Weaver R. F. 1990b; Identifying the RNA polymerases that synthesize specific transcripts of the Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus. J Gen Virol 71:195–201 [View Article][PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  16. Iwanaga M., Kurihara M., Kobayashi M., Kang W. 2002; Characterization of Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus orf68 gene that encodes a novel structural protein of budded virus. Virology 297:39–47 [View Article][PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  17. Jin J., Guarino L. A. 2000; 3′-End formation of baculovirus late RNAs. J Virol 74:8930–8937 [View Article][PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  18. Keddie B. A., Aponte G. W., Volkman L. E. 1989; The pathway of infection of Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus in an insect host. Science 243:1728–1730 [View Article][PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  19. Kelly D. C. 1982; Baculovirus replication. J Gen Virol 63:1–13 [View Article][PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  20. Lin G., Slack J. M., Blissard G. W. 2001; Expression and localization of LEF-11 in Autographa californica nucleopolyhedrovirus-infected Sf9 cells. J Gen Virol 82:2289–2294[PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  21. Lu A., Miller L. K. 1995; The roles of eighteen baculovirus late expression factor genes in transcription and DNA replication. J Virol 69:975–982[PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  22. Lu A., Miller L. K. 1997; Regulation of baculovirus late and very late gene expression. In The Baculoviruses pp. 193–216 Edited by Miller L. K. New York, London: Plenum Press; [CrossRef]
     [Google Scholar]
  23. McDevitt M. A., Hart R. P., Wong W. W., Nevins J. R. 1986; Sequences capable of restoring poly(A) site function define two distinct downstream elements. EMBO J 5:2907–2913[PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  24. McLachlin J. R., Miller L. K. 1994; Identification and characterization of vlf-1, a baculovirus gene involved in very late gene expression. J Virol 68:7746–7756[PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  25. O'Reilly D. R., Miller L. K., Luckow V. A. 1994 Baculovirus Expression Vectors: a Laboratory Manual New York: Oxford University Press;
     [Google Scholar]
  26. Olszewski J., Miller L. K. 1997a; Identification and characterization of a baculovirus structural protein, VP1054, required for nucleocapsid formation. J Virol 71:5040–5050[PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  27. Olszewski J., Miller L. K. 1997b; A role for baculovirus GP41 in budded virus production. Virology 233:292–301 [View Article][PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  28. Oomens A. G., Blissard G. W. 1999; Requirement for GP64 to drive efficient budding of Autographa californica multicapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus. Virology 254:297–314 [View Article][PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  29. Partington S., Yu H., Lu A., Carstens E. B. 1990; Isolation of temperature sensitive mutants of Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus: phenotype characterization of baculovirus mutants defective in very late gene expression. Virology 175:91–102 [View Article][PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  30. Passarelli A. L., Guarino L. A. 2007; Baculovirus late and very late gene regulation. Curr Drug Targets 8:1103–1115 [View Article][PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  31. Passarelli A. L., Miller L. K. 1993; Three baculovirus genes involved in late and very late gene expression: ie-1, ie-n, and lef-2 . J Virol 67:2149–2158[PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  32. Passarelli A. L., Todd J. W., Miller L. K. 1994; A baculovirus gene involved in late gene expression predicts a large polypeptide with a conserved motif of RNA polymerases. J Virol 68:4673–4678[PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  33. Rankin C., Ladin B. F., Weaver R. F. 1986; Physical mapping of temporally regulated, overlapping transcripts in the region of the 10K protein gene in Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus. J Virol 57:18–27[PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  34. Raynes D. A., Hartshorne D. J., Guerriero V. Jr 1994; Sequence and expression of a baculovirus protein with antigenic similarity to telokin. J Gen Virol 75:1807–1809 [View Article][PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  35. Rice W. C., Miller L. K. 1986; Baculovirus transcription in the presence of inhibitors and in nonpermissive Drosophila cells. Virus Res 6:155–172 [View Article][PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  36. Rohrmann G. F. 1986; Polyhedrin structure. J Gen Virol 67:1499–1513 [View Article][PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  37. Rohrmann G. F. 2011 Baculovirus Molecular Biology Bethesda, MD: National Center for Biotechnology Information;
     [Google Scholar]
  38. Schultz P., Célia H., Riva M., Sentenac A., Oudet P. 1993; Three-dimensional model of yeast RNA polymerase I determined by electron microscopy of two-dimensional crystals. EMBO J 12:2601–2607[PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  39. Shikata M., Sano Y., Hashimoto Y., Matsumoto T. 1998; Isolation and characterization of a temperature-sensitive mutant of Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus for a putative RNA polymerase gene. J Gen Virol 79:2071–2078[PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  40. Todd J. W., Passarelli A. L., Lu A., Miller L. K. 1996; Factors regulating baculovirus late and very late gene expression in transient-expression assays. J Virol 70:2307–2317[PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  41. van Oers M. M., Vlak J. M., Voorma H. O., Thomas A. A. 1999; Role of the 3′ untranslated region of baculovirus p10 mRNA in high-level expression of foreign genes. J Gen Virol 80:2253–2262[PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  42. Westwood J. A., Jones I. M., Bishop D. H. 1993; Analyses of alternative poly(A) signals for use in baculovirus expression vectors. Virology 195:90–99 [View Article][PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  43. Xu B., Yoo S., Guarino L. A. 1995; Differential transcription of baculovirus late and very late promoters: fractionation of nuclear extracts by phosphocellulose chromatography. J Virol 69:2912–2917[PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  44. Yang C. L., Stetler D. A., Weaver R. F. 1991; Structural comparison of the Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus-induced RNA polymerase and the three nuclear RNA polymerases from the host, Spodoptera frugiperda . Virus Res 20:251–264 [View Article][PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  45. Yang S., Miller L. K. 1998; Control of baculovirus polyhedrin gene expression by very late factor 1. Virology 248:131–138 [View Article][PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  46. Yang S., Miller L. K. 1999; Activation of baculovirus very late promoters by interaction with very late factor 1. J Virol 73:3404–3409[PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/vir.0.037028-0
Loading
Characterization of an Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus dual mutant: ORF82 is required for budded virus production, and a point mutation in LEF-8 alters late and abolishes very late transcription
J. Gen. Virol. 93, 364 (2012); https://doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.037028-0
/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/vir.0.037028-0
/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/vir.0.037028-0
Loading

Data & Media loading...

Most cited Most Cited RSS feed

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error